If you don’t have time to read but want to know what’s there in this series. Find the quick read 👇
On this Series
We are going to see the commonly used Git snippets for the repository which will make you from Noob to Pro.
The Git Repository snippets that we are going to look in this series are
Local Repository
Branches
Commits
Module
Stash
On this Post
In this post, we are going to see the topic Local Repository which has the following sub-topics like
Create a new Repository
Change the remote URL
Pull latest changes from remote
Configure line endings
View “undo” history
Reset main to match remote
Configure Git user information
Optimize the local repository
Find lost files
Disable fast forward merging by default
View a visual graph of the repository
Purge a file from the history
1. Create a new Repository
To initialize a new git repository and to set up all the configuration files needed by git.
Use git init to initialize an empty repository in the current directory.
Alternatively, use git init [<directory>] it to initialize the repository in the specified <directory>.
git init [<directory>]
cd ~/my_project
git init
cd ~
git init my_project
2. Change the remote URL
Changes the URL of the remote repository.
Use git remote set-url origin <url> to change the URL of the remote repository to <url>.
git remote set-url origin
git remote set-url origin https://github.com/nidhinkumar06/HTML-LayoutPatterns.git
3. Pull latest changes from remote
Pulls the latest changes from the remote tracking branch.
Use **git pull**to fetch and apply the latest changes from the remote.
git pull
git checkout patch-1
git pull
Configures the line endings for a repository.
Use git config core.eol [lf | crlf] to configure the line endings.
lf is the UNIX line ending (\n), whereas crlf is the DOS line ending (\r\n).
git config core.eol [lf | crlf]
git config core.eol lf
5. View “undo” history
View git’s reference logs. This is especially useful for finding references that don’t show up in commit history.
Sometimes git log doesn’t cut it, especially for commands that don’t show up in your commit history.
reflog is your safety net after running “scary” commands like git-rebase. You’ll be able to see not only the commits you made but each of the actions that led you there.
git reflog
Reflog Example
6. Reset the main to match the remote
Resets the local main branch to match the one on the remote.
Use git fetch origin to retrieve the latest updates from the remote.
Use git checkout main to switch to the main branch.
Use git reset --hard origin/main to reset the local main branch to match the one on the remote.
git fetch origin
git checkout main
git reset --hard origin/main
Configures user information for git.
Use git config user.email <email> to set the user’s email for the current repository.
Use git config user.name <name> to set the user’s name for the current repository.
You can use the — global flag to configure global user information.
git config [--global] user.email
git config [--global] user.name
git config user.email "useremail@email.com"
git config user.name "User Name"
8. Optimize the local repository
Optimizes the local repository.
- Use
git gc --prune=now --aggressive to garbage collect loose objects.
git gc --prune=now --aggressive
git gc --prune=now --aggressive
9. Find lost files
Prints a list of lost files and commits.
git fsck --lost-found
git fsck --lost-found
10. Disable fast forward merging by default
Disables the default fast forwarding on merge commits.
Use git config --add merge.ff false to disable fast-forward merging for all branches, even if it is possible.
You can use the --global flag to configure this option globally.
git config [--global] --add merge.ff false
git config --global --add merge.ff false
git checkout main
git merge my-branch
11. View a visual graph of the repository
Prints a visual graph of all commits and branches in the repository.
Use git log --pretty=oneline --graph --decorate --all to view a visual graph of the whole repository's history.
Use arrow keys to navigate, and press Q to exit.
git log --pretty=oneline --graph --decorate --all
12. Purge a file from the history
Completely purges a file from history.
Use git rm --cached --ignore-unmatch <path> to delete the file in the specified <path>.
Use git filter-branch --force --index-filter <command> --prune-empty --tag-name-filter cat -- --all to rewrite the branch's history, passing it the previous command.
You can optionally use git push <remote> --force -all to force push the changes to the remote repository.
git filter-branch --force --index-filter \
"git rm --cached --ignore-unmatch " \
--prune-empty --tag-name-filter cat -- --all
git push --force --all
git filter-branch --force --index-filter \
"git rm --cached --ignore-unmatch config/apiKeys.json" \
--prune-empty --tag-name-filter cat -- --all
git push origin --force --all
Congratulations!
